Total stopping distance is based on which of the following factors?

Total stopping distance is the complete distance a vehicle travels before coming to a complete stop, and it encompasses several critical components. The appropriate answer highlights that total stopping distance includes the distance traveled while the driver reacts and the vehicle heightens its brake response, along with the braking distance itself.

The distance traveled while getting the foot to the brake pedal pertains to the reaction time of the driver, which can be influenced by factors such as distraction and fatigue. These elements can significantly extend the distance the vehicle travels before the driver even applies the brakes.

Moreover, once the brakes are engaged, the braking distance is influenced by various factors, including the vehicle's speed, the condition of the brakes, road conditions, and tire traction. Degraded brake performance or slippery surfaces can dramatically extend this distance.

Thus, total stopping distance is a cumulative measure that integrates the reaction distance and braking distance, governed by all these contributing elements. This understanding underscores the importance of being aware of one’s surroundings, managing speed, and maintaining the vehicle in good condition to ensure safety on the road.